Dog bites not only cause pain and unsightly wounds, but can also be fatal.
A dog bite can lead to pain, infection, and scarring—and in serious cases, death if rabies is transmitted without timely treatment. When going outside, you may encounter dogs—sometimes strays, sometimes rabid, and sometimes even pet dogs may bite if you are not careful.

Many people panic and run when they see a dog, without realizing that this is not the right response. Below are safety guidelines on how to avoid dog attacks and protect yourself, according to the City of Mesquite, Texas Rabies Control and Animal Bite Prevention Program.

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How to Avoid Dog Attacks

• When you see a loose dog on the street, stop what you are doing and find a safe place to wait until it leaves. Never approach, pet, feed, or play with a stray dog. You don’t know its temperament, and even playful scratches can spread disease.

• Stay calm—do not run suddenly. Keep a safe distance, avoid yelling, and do not make direct eye contact, since dogs are very perceptive. If you remain calm, the dog may lose interest and walk away.

• Avoid running away. Running triggers a dog’s hunting instinct, making it chase you. Instead, slowly back away or move sideways until you reach a safe area. Do not turn your back on the dog while moving, as this may make you look like a suspicious intruder, provoking an attack. In some cases, standing still will make the dog stop barking and lose interest.

• Joggers and walkers should avoid areas where stray dogs are commonly seen.

• Protect yourself if attacked. Use objects such as a jacket, bag, stick, or even a shoe to shield yourself so the dog bites the object instead of you.

• If you fall to the ground, curl into a ball, tuck your head, and use your hands to protect your face and neck until the dog leaves.

• Call for help if you cannot escape or if the dog continues attacking.

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Safety Tips with Pet Dogs

• Avoid rough play even with your own dog. Excessive teasing or roughhousing can irritate the dog and make it bite, especially since children often don’t recognize signs of anger in dogs. Teach children not to play too roughly with dogs.

• Remember that pet dogs can also carry rabies. Keep them from interacting with stray dogs to reduce infection risk.

• Teach children not to tease, hit, or wrestle with dogs. Never leave small children alone with any dog—even a family pet—as even small dogs can cause serious injuries.

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If You Are Bitten

If you are bitten or scratched by a dog, seek medical care immediately for first aid and rabies vaccination.