In the world of packaged foods, “Best By” and “Best Before” dates appear on nearly every label—but they’re among the most misunderstood parts of grocery shopping. Contrary to common belief, these dates don’t mean the food is unsafe after that day. Instead, they mark the period when the product is expected to taste its best and retain top texture. Misreading these dates leads many people to throw away perfectly edible food, worsening the global food waste crisis. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA, 2024), roughly 30% to 40% of the American food supply goes uneaten every year, much of it due to confusion about labeling.

Understanding the Purpose of “Best By” Dates

“Best By” or “Best Before” dates are quality indicators, not safety warnings. Food manufacturers set these dates to represent when a product is likely to be at peak flavor, color, and nutritional value (FDA, 2023). Outside of baby formula, these dates are not federally regulated. As a result, they’re guidelines rather than deadlines.

Common Misconceptions About Expiration Dates

Many shoppers mistake “Best By” labels for expiration dates. While some foods may lose crispness or flavor afterward, they’re generally safe if stored properly and free from spoilage signs. Research from the Harvard Food Law and Policy Clinic (2023) found that most shelf-stable goods—especially canned foods—can remain safe for years past their label date, provided the packaging is intact and stored in a cool, dry area.

“Best By” vs. “Use By”: What’s the Difference?

• Best By: Indicates when the product will be at its best quality.

• Use By: Appears on more perishable foods like deli meats or dairy. It’s more closely tied to food safety.

Understanding the difference prevents unnecessary waste and ensures that you’re using food safely and efficiently.

How Long Do Common Canned Foods Last Past the “Best By” Date?

Canned foods are among the most durable grocery items. When stored at 50–70°F in a dry, dark place, they often remain safe for:

• Canned vegetables: 2–3 years past the date

• Canned soups or stews: 3–5 years past the date

• Canned meats or fish: up to 5 years or more (National Center for Home Food Preservation, 2023)

Using Your Senses: The Real Test of Safety

Even when a can is past its date, trust your senses:

• Look: Check for swelling, leaks, rust, or severe dents—especially near seams.

• Smell: Any sour, metallic, or off odor means discard immediately.

• Taste: If it passes visual and smell checks, sample a small bite. If the flavor seems off, don’t eat it.

Storage Matters: Extending the Life of Your Food

Storage has a major impact on how long food lasts. According to Consumer Reports (2024), cans stored in cool, dry, and dark environments can outlast their labels by several years. Avoid humid spaces like basements or hot garages. Keep cans away from direct sunlight to prevent nutrient loss and flavor changes.

The Environmental and Economic Cost of Food Waste

Every time we toss a can that’s still safe to eat, we’re not only wasting money but also contributing to environmental harm. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 2024) estimates that food waste accounts for nearly 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Much of this comes from consumers misunderstanding date labels. Reducing unnecessary disposal could save billions annually and significantly lower landfill methane emissions.

Tips to Reduce Food Waste Through Better Label Literacy

• Don’t panic over “Best By” dates—they reflect quality, not safety.

• Follow the FIFO rule: First In, First Out. Use older items first.

• Buy smaller quantities of perishables to minimize waste.

• Donate unopened, near-date non-perishables to food banks.

Conclusion: Be Smart About Shelf Life

Learning to interpret “Best By” and “Best Before” labels correctly empowers consumers to save money and reduce waste. Canned foods, when properly stored, can remain safe and nutritious long after their printed dates. As USDA (2024) experts emphasize, use your senses, store wisely, and stay informed—your pantry and the planet will thank you.