Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide. It occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting the oxygen and nutrients it needs. When brain cells are deprived of oxygen, they begin to die within minutes. Because of this, early recognition and immediate treatment are crucial to minimize damage and improve chances of recovery. Understanding the warning signs of a stroke can literally save lives.

One of the most widely used tools to recognize a stroke is the acronym FAST, which stands for Face, Arms, Speech, and Time. These four signs are often the first and most noticeable symptoms.

• Face drooping: One side of the face may droop or feel numb. If the person tries to smile, the smile may appear uneven or lopsided.

• Arm weakness: The person may experience sudden weakness or numbness in one arm. Ask them to raise both arms — if one arm drifts downward, it could be a sign of stroke.

• Speech difficulty: Speech may become slurred or strange. The person may have trouble speaking or understanding others. Try asking them to repeat a simple sentence — if they can’t do it clearly, it’s a warning sign.

• Time to call emergency services: If someone shows any of these symptoms, even if they go away, call emergency services immediately. Time is critical in stroke treatment.

In addition to the FAST symptoms, there are other important warning signs to be aware of:

• Sudden confusion or trouble understanding what people are saying.

• Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes — this may include blurred or double vision.

• Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination.

• Sudden severe headache with no known cause — this is more common in hemorrhagic strokes and can come on rapidly.

It's important to note that stroke symptoms can vary depending on which part of the brain is affected. Some people may experience only mild weakness or temporary confusion, which can easily be mistaken for fatigue or stress. Others might collapse suddenly with no warning. This unpredictability is why it's essential for everyone — not just healthcare professionals — to be familiar with the key signs.

Certain groups of people are at higher risk of stroke, including older adults, those with high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, heart disease, or a family history of stroke. However, strokes can happen to anyone, including young adults and even children. Lifestyle choices such as smoking, lack of exercise, and poor diet can also increase the risk.

In conclusion, recognizing the signs of stroke is a responsibility we all share. When it comes to stroke, every minute counts. Fast action can mean the difference between recovery and permanent disability — or even death. If you or someone around you shows any symptoms, don’t wait. Call emergency services immediately. You might just save a life — including your own.