Each year, around 7,000 to 8,000 people in the U.S. suffer venomous snake bites, with only a small number resulting in fatalities due to quick medical intervention. However, in lower-income countries, snakebite envenoming continues to pose a significant public health risk.

Only about 15% of snakes worldwide are venomous, with roughly 20% of these found in the U.S., including species like rattlesnakes, coral snakes, cottonmouths, and copperheads. Venomous snakes typically have distinct characteristics such as slit-shaped pupils, triangular heads, and fangs — with the exception of the coral snake, which has round pupils and a blunt head.

What to Do After a Snake Bite

1. Get to Safety and Remain Calm

• Move away from the snake immediately.

• Do not attempt to catch or kill it.

• Keep calm to help slow your heart rate and limit the spread of venom.

• Remove any tight clothing or jewelry from the affected area.

2. Observe the Snake (If It’s Safe)

• If possible, note the snake’s size, shape, and color.

• Take a photo from a safe distance, which can assist medical professionals in treating you.

3. Keep the Affected Limb Immobilized

• Avoid moving the bitten area.

• Use a splint if necessary to keep the limb still and below heart level.

4. Seek Medical Help Immediately

• Call emergency services or head to the nearest hospital.

• If you're alone, try signaling for help and move carefully while minimizing movement in the affected limb.

What Not to Do:

Avoid common myths that could make the situation worse:

• Do not cut the wound or attempt to suck out the venom.

• Do not apply ice or use a tourniquet.

• Avoid consuming alcohol, caffeine, or over-the-counter painkillers like ibuprofen or aspirin.

What to Expect at the Hospital

At the hospital, medical professionals will evaluate the bite, provide antivenom if necessary, and administer wound care and pain management. They will monitor symptoms like swelling, redness, and increasing pain.

Prevention Tips:

• Wear protective clothing and footwear when hiking or walking in areas known to have snakes.

• Use flashlights at night to help spot snakes.

• Avoid provoking or attempting to handle snakes.

• Stay alert when walking in grassy or rocky areas.

Being well-informed and prepared is key to handling a snakebite. In the event of a bite, staying calm and seeking prompt medical help can make all the difference in saving your life.