Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can affect people of all ages, though it is particularly common in young children and infants. It manifests in various forms, most of which lead to red, itchy, and irritated skin. Persistent flare-ups can result in thickened, scaly skin, and sometimes blister-like bumps that ooze fluid and form crusty scabs if left untreated.

Atopic dermatitis is the most common type of eczema. It can affect any area of the body but is especially prevalent on the hands, feet, upper chest, neck, face, and scalp. Flare-ups in the folds of the elbows and knees can be particularly painful, as the skin in these areas is constantly moving and stretching. In infants, eczema frequently appears on the face and scalp, causing significant discomfort.

Itching from eczema can be severe, often leading to intense scratching that damages the skin and increases the risk of bacterial infections. While prescription medications can help, many people prefer natural remedies that soothe the skin and reduce flare-ups without harsh chemicals.

In this article, we will explore 13 home remedies for eczema that are supported by research. These remedies can help alleviate symptoms such as dry skin, itchiness, and red rashes. Additionally, we will examine the causes of eczema and tips for preventing flare-ups, giving you a comprehensive understanding of how to manage this challenging skin condition.

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The Symptoms of Eczema

One of the earliest signs of eczema is itching, which can range from a mild tickle to a severe, relentless urge to scratch. Sometimes, itching occurs before any visible rash appears. Eczema is also a common cause of itchy bumps on the elbows, knees, and other joints.

According to renowned dermatologist Dr. Debra Jaliman, dry skin is a hallmark of eczema. Affected areas often develop a rash and may become thickened or scaly. Over time, the skin may turn brownish-gray and feel leathery.

Scratching can worsen symptoms. When the skin is broken, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria can infect it, leading to raw, swollen, and highly sensitive areas that may ooze fluid and form crusty patches.

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Eczema in Infants and Children

Eczema in infants is particularly distressing for parents. The National Eczema Association estimates that around 10% of infants in the U.S. suffer from some form of eczema. Infant eczema often appears differently than in older children and adults.

• Babies under 6 months: Red, “weepy” patches around the face and scalp.

• Babies 6–12 months: Eczema often appears around elbows and knees. Infections may cause “pus bumps” that turn crusty when dried.

• Toddlers 2–5 years: Patches thicken, become dry, scaly, and inflamed, commonly around the mouth and eyelids.

Early detection and gentle care can prevent worsening symptoms and help your child feel more comfortable.

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Causes of Eczema

The exact cause of eczema remains unclear. However, research indicates a connection between atopic dermatitis and an overactive immune system, particularly in people with allergies or asthma. Other contributing factors include:

• Dry skin

• Compromised skin barrier function

• Environmental triggers, such as harsh weather, chemicals, or irritants

• Family history of eczema

Understanding potential triggers can help reduce flare-ups and improve long-term management.

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13 Natural Home Remedies for Eczema

Natural remedies can be highly effective in alleviating eczema symptoms. These treatments keep the skin moisturized, reduce itching, and prevent further irritation.

1. Coconut Oil

Virgin coconut oil is a deeply moisturizing natural remedy that protects skin from dryness and scaling. It contains antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory compounds, making it especially useful for eczema sufferers.

Research shows that coconut oil combats Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and acts as an emollient to soothe dry skin. It is safe for infants with mild to moderate eczema. Apply coconut oil to affected areas several times a day and before bed for the best results.

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2. Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV)

Raw, unprocessed ACV can reduce inflammation and itching. Its acidic properties help restore the skin’s pH balance, which is often elevated in eczema, reducing irritation and the urge to scratch.

Methods of use:

• Apply a diluted ACV solution (1:1 with water) to the affected area twice daily.

• Add 2 cups of ACV to a warm bath and soak for 30 minutes, 2–3 times a week.

• Drink 1–2 tablespoons mixed with water or honey to support skin health from within.

Always moisturize after ACV treatment using coconut or jojoba oil to prevent dryness.

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3. Chamomile

Chamomile contains anti-inflammatory and antibacterial compounds that help soothe inflamed skin. Research indicates that chamomile extracts can be as effective as mild hydrocortisone ointments for eczema.

Use chamomile by:

• Applying chamomile tea bags to itchy areas.

• Mixing chamomile oil with coconut oil to create a natural ointment.

• Drinking chamomile tea to relax and reduce stress-related flare-ups.

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4. Witch Hazel

Witch hazel’s astringent and anti-inflammatory properties make it effective for reducing eczema-related inflammation. Tannins help contract skin cells and protect damaged areas from infection.

Apply with a cotton ball to affected areas as needed. Witch hazel can also soothe insect bites, sunburn, and puffy eyes.

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5. Colloidal Oatmeal Baths

Oatmeal is gentle, moisturizing, and rich in antioxidants. Colloidal oatmeal can alleviate dryness, itchiness, and inflammation.

How to use:

• Place 2 cups of ground oatmeal in a clean sock or muslin bag.

• Run warm water over it, occasionally squeezing the bag to release oat extract.

• Soak for 15 minutes, dabbing the oatmeal onto affected areas.

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6. Aloe Vera

Aloe vera gel has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, making it excellent for relieving itching and repairing damaged skin. Apply pure aloe gel 2–3 times daily to inflamed areas.

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7. Baking Soda

Baking soda can relieve inflammation and reduce itchiness. Use it in a bath or as a paste on small affected areas. Always moisturize afterward.

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8. Licorice Cream

Licorice has natural anti-inflammatory effects that soothe redness, swelling, and itchiness. A 2% licorice gel is more effective than 1% and is widely available online.

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9. Turmeric

Curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, is a powerful anti-inflammatory compound. Turmeric can be used topically as a mask or taken as a supplement, ideally with piperine for better absorption.

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10. Evening Primrose Oil

Evening primrose oil contains essential fatty acids that reduce scaling, redness, and itching in both children and adults. Combine with chamomile oil for topical application or take it as a supplement.

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11. Urea Cream

Urea cream helps moisturize, remove dead skin, and reduce thickened patches. While not entirely natural, it is effective, affordable, and widely available.

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12. GLA Supplements

Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) supplements can improve eczema symptoms caused by a deficiency in this omega-6 fatty acid. Consistent use over 4 weeks can reduce itching and inflammation.

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13. Probiotics

A healthy gut microbiome may reduce skin inflammation and eczema flare-ups, especially in children. Probiotic supplements support overall skin and immune health.

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Preventing Eczema Flare-ups

Since eczema is chronic, prevention is crucial:

• Moisturize frequently to maintain the skin barrier.

• Avoid sudden temperature changes.

• Manage stress through meditation or relaxation techniques.

• Avoid irritating fabrics, soaps, and detergents.

• Keep a food diary to identify trigger foods such as milk, eggs, soy, wheat, peanuts, fish, chocolate, and tomatoes.

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Eczema vs. Psoriasis

Both eczema and psoriasis involve itchy, inflamed skin, but psoriasis usually appears after age 16 and presents thicker, silvery-scaled patches. Many home remedies, including oatmeal, aloe vera, and turmeric, can help with both conditions.

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By incorporating these natural remedies, lifestyle adjustments, and preventive measures, eczema sufferers can reduce flare-ups, soothe irritation, and improve skin health naturally. While chronic, eczema can be managed effectively with patience, consistency, and the right treatments.