A newly developed technique known as electromechanical reshaping (EMR) is gaining attention as a potentially safer and more cost-effective alternative to LASIK eye surgery for correcting common vision problems such as nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), and astigmatism. Unlike conventional laser-based procedures that remove corneal tissue to change its shape, EMR reshapes the cornea using a small electric current, which alters the tissue’s properties without cutting or ablating it. 

In traditional refractive surgeries like LASIK (Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis), a laser is used to precisely remove microscopic layers of corneal tissue to adjust its curvature. While effective for many patients, this approach has risks and limitations, including a permanent weakening of the corneal structure, potential postoperative complications, and high costs due to the sophisticated laser equipment required. 

By contrast, EMR operates on a non-ablative and non-incisional principle. In this method, a mild electric current is delivered through a specially designed electrode or contact-lens-like device placed on the cornea. The current induces an electrochemical reaction that temporarily changes the pH level of the corneal tissue, effectively softening the collagen fibers that form the corneal stroma. Because the collagen becomes malleable under these conditions, the tissue can be reshaped into a new curvature without physically cutting or removing it. Once the current is stopped and the pH returns to normal, the tissue re-hardens in its new shape. 

The underlying mechanism has been studied in laboratory and preclinical settings. In ex vivo experiments using rabbit eyes, researchers demonstrated that short electrochemical pulses can flatten or adjust corneal curvature over a wide range of refractive powers, all while preserving optical transparency and cellular structure. Advanced imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal microscopy confirmed that the cornea retains its clarity and the collagen framework remains intact after treatment. 

One of EMR’s most significant advantages is that it does not permanently weaken the cornea, unlike LASIK and similar laser surgeries that remove tissue to achieve reshaping. Because EMR works by temporarily altering tissue properties and then allowing them to reset in a new shape, the corneal structure remains preserved. This could translate into a reduced risk of long-term complications, particularly for patients with thinner corneas or those who are not good candidates for laser refractive surgery. 

Moreover, EMR technology has the potential to be far more affordable than laser systems. LASIK machines are complex and costly, often priced comparably to luxury vehicles, making refractive surgery prohibitively expensive for many clinics and patients worldwide. In contrast, EMR relies on relatively simple electrical equipment and custom-shaped electrodes, which could significantly lower procedural costs and increase global accessibility. 

Despite these promising developments, EMR remains in the experimental phase. To date, most research has been conducted on isolated corneal tissues or ex vivo animal eyes, and the technique has not yet been approved for use in living humans. Additional studies are needed to evaluate long-term stability, safety in live animal models, potential side effects, and the full range of refractive correction possible. Researchers emphasize that rigorous clinical trials will be essential before this method can be widely adopted in clinical practice. 

Nevertheless, scientists and clinicians are cautiously optimistic about EMR’s prospects. If ongoing research proves successful, this innovative approach could one day offer a less invasive, safer, and more affordable option for millions of people seeking freedom from glasses or contact lenses. It may even be suitable for patients who are not ideal candidates for traditional laser refractive surgeries, expanding the range of treatment choices in vision correction.